-Organic chemistry is that branch of chemistry that deals with the structure, properties, and reactions of compounds that contain carbon.

- a branch of chemistry that deals with carbon compounds involving study about its structure, properties, and reactions of organic compounds and organic materials.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-These are some sources where we can found organic compounds: our bodies' DNA, proteins, medicine, perfumes, fuels, plastics, cosmetics, pigments from food, organic compounds are all around us. The main foundations of biochemistry, biotechnology, and medicine are built on organic compounds and their role in our daily lives. Organic chemistry is critically important to our high standard of living.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

*Hydrocarbons- is a compound that only contains carbon and hydrogen atoms. They are the simplest organic compounds. They can be cyclic molecules, straight-chain and branched chain.

 

Example: 

Hexane

Number of Carbons: 6
Molecular Formula: C6H14

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

*Hydrocarbon Derivative -hydrocarbons that contains carbon and hydrogen and one or more additional elements.

 

Example:

Ethyl Chloride

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Classes Of Hydrocarbon

 

• Aliphatic hydrocarbons - its carbon atoms can be joined in either straight chains, branched chains, or non-aromatic rings. Aliphatic hydrocarbons do not contain benzene ring. Can be classified as saturated joined with single bonds, or unsaturated if they are joined with double or triple bonds.

 

Example:

                                   Hexane                                                                      Propyne

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

• Aromatic hydrocarbons- are those which contain one or more benzene rings. They are said to be aromatic because some of the compounds have a sweet or pleasant odor.

 

Examples:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Classification of Organic Compounds

 

• Alkanes- have the general formula CnH2n+2 .Only single covalent bonds are present. Known as saturated hydrocarbons because they contain the maximum number of hydrogen atoms that can bond with the number of carbon atoms present.

 

Example:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

• Alkenes - (also called olefins) contain at least one carbon-carbon double bond. Have the general formula CnH2n Classified as unsaturated hydrocarbons- compounds with double or triple carbon-carbon bonds that enable them to add hydrogen atoms. They are unsaturated hydrocarbons.

 

Example:

5,5-ethyl-2,6,7-trimethyl-3-Octene

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

• Alkynes- contain at least one carbon-carbon triple bond. The general formula is CnH2n-2 . Alkynes are traditionally known as acetylenes.

 

Example:

Ethyne

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sources and References: Wikipedia, Chemistry Notes, Google Images

 

 

Written By: Sydney Santiago