• Are the simplest organic molecules, consisting of only carbon and hydrogen and with only single bonds between carbon atoms. Alkanes are used as the basis for naming the majority of organic compounds (their nomenclature). Alkanes have the general formula CnH2n+2. The alkane family uses the prefix for the number of carbons an –ane ending.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

• Some Alkyl Groups Substituents:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

• Nomenclature Of Alkane

 

1. Find and name the longest continuous carbon chain. Identify and name groups attached to this chain.

2. Number the chain consecutively, starting at the end nearest a substituent group.

3. Designate the location of each substituent group by an appropriate number and name.  

4. Assemble the name, listing groups in alphabetical order using the full name (e.g. cyclopropyl before isobutyl).

5. The prefixes di, tri, tetra etc., used to designate several groups of the same kind, are not considered when alphabetizing.

 

• Example:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

References and Source:

Google Images

http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Organic_Chemistry/Alkanes

 

 

 

Written By: Abel Christopher Munoz

Revised and Edited By: Sydney Santiago